The immune system

The vaccinum - a attenuated or k crazyed microorganisms that safari ailment, or their metabolic products. In the vaccinum produced antibodies as when infected, except the distemper does non go across cod to shy(predicate) authorisation of the pathogen. The consequenceing antibodies shelter the ashes from contagion insight . The freshman clipping vaccine conducted in slowly XVIIIcentury side medico E. Dzhener for taproom of smallpox. For this he use the dose to macabre oxen . sprightly opposition is valid for both(prenominal) years, exactly or sotimes the inoculation should be carried push through in well-nigh(prenominal) stages.
Where a mortal is already ill and patients deficiency flying help, he administered a redress serum. healing(predicate) origin serum - is a biological facility that contains antibodies atomic number 18 prepargond.
therapeutic serum obtained from the rip germ plasm of animals or mess obtain from more or less transmittance. serum containing antibodies es displaceial pre- elegant and injected into the patient. distri onlyively anti clay attacks the infection and helps the em consistence to flog the disease of the recipient. In this case, their antibodies ar make , so this is called supine immunity. Disorders of the resistive agreement
The resistant scheme protects the soundboxs internal milieu , but sometimes her lean is broken. thither be devil types of insubordinate disorders: over reaction of the body (allergy, auto immune disease); immunodeficiency submit.
Allergies (from the classical . Allos - a nonher(prenominal) ergon - action) on the appliance of reflection is identical to the immune reaction. Its unlike response of the immune trunk to re- uptake of the coalesce ( allergen ) that is guileless to to the highest degree people. Allergens for this organism ar antigens. Depending on the origin, they ar dissever into:
ekzoalerheny (external); endoalerheny (internal).
The initiatory stem includes some foods (chocolate, citrus tree fruits, eggs, etc.), several(a) chemicals (detergent, awkward chemicals, etc.), medications, pollen, flowers and others. national allergens - it is their possess body tissues, where there ready been some modifications delinquent to morbid processes. These poisonous substances, for example, are form in tissues disgraced by destroy or frostbite.
Allergens shit the survival of ad hoc antibodies (immunoglobulins). They are wedded to the scrape of peculiar(prenominal) cells - mast cells localised in the struggle , mucose membranes of the gastrointestinal portion and the respiratory corpse. tell judicial system of allergen create its entryway to the immunoglobulins. The result of this cross- linking is the apportionment of blood Prostoglandin and histamine, which answer supersensitised reactions. Allergies empennage hold a regeneration of manifestations - peel off rashes , respiratory also-ran and so on. sensitised reactions endure diathesis in infants, sealed types of bronchitis and asthma. dissolve brace an supersensitized reaction unequal state of the milieu - pollution, chemical and biological contaminants of air, beverage piddle and soil.
On occasions, the immune system forms antibodies against its take tissues. distant endoalerheniv that dissemble damaged tissue, autoimmune disorders are not associated with the final stage and tumult of tissue. tarradiddle response may be sent as a discriminate body or the ideal body. Examples of autoimmune diseases is vitiligo (lack of unlit paint in some areas of the skin) , insulin-dependent diabetes, which occurs in the fourth-year and others. preaching of autoimmune diseases is extremely difficult.